Neuroscience, also known as Neural Science, is the study of how the nervous system develops, its structure, and what it does. Neuroscientists focus on the brain and its impact on behavior and cognitive functions. ... Many researchers say that neuroscience means the same as neurobiology.

The nervous system has two main parts: the central nervous system (CNS), made up of the spinal cord and the brain; and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), the nerves and other types of supporting cells that branch throughout the rest of the body and communicate back to the CNS.